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Guide
Introduction
| |
| Background: |
Colonized by English settlers
from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain
until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of
the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency
along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed.
In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to
secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980 with Anguilla
becoming a separate British dependency. |
| Location: |
Caribbean, island in the
Caribbean Sea, east of Puerto Rico |
| Geographic
coordinates: |
18 15 N, 63 10 W |
| Map
references: |
Central America and the
Caribbean |
| Area: |
total: 91 sq km
land: 91 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
| Area
- comparative: |
about half the size of
Washington, DC |
| Maritime
claims: |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM
territorial sea: 3 NM |
| Climate: |
tropical; moderated by
northeast trade winds |
| Terrain: |
flat and low-lying island of
coral and limestone |
| Elevation
extremes: |
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m |
| Natural
resources: |
salt, fish, lobster |
| Land
use: |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 0%
forests and woodland: 0%
other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees,
some commercial salt ponds) |
| Natural
hazards: |
frequent hurricanes and other
tropical storms (July to October) |
| Environment
- current issues: |
supplies of potable
water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor
distribution system |
| Population: |
12,132 (July 2001 est.) |
| Age
structure: |
0-14 years:
25.55% (male 1,574; female 1,526)
15-64 years: 67.47% (male 4,200; female 3,985)
65 years and over: 6.98% (male 376; female 471) (2001 est.) |
| Population
growth rate: |
2.68% (2001 est.) |
| Birth
rate: |
15.17 births/1,000 population
(2001 est.) |
| Death
rate: |
5.61 deaths/1,000 population
(2001 est.) |
| Net
migration rate: |
17.23 migrant(s)/1,000
population (2001 est.) |
| Sex
ratio: |
at birth: 1.03
male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Infant
mortality rate: |
24.56 deaths/1,000 live
births (2001 est.) |
| Life
expectancy at birth: |
total population:
76.31 years
male: 73.41 years
female: 79.29 years (2001 est.) |
| Total
fertility rate: |
1.79 children born/woman
(2001 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate: |
NA% |
| HIV/AIDS
- people living with HIV/AIDS: |
NA |
| Nationality: |
noun:
Anguillan(s)
adjective: Anguillan |
| Religions: |
Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%,
Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12% |
| Languages: |
English (official) |
| Literacy: |
definition: age
12 and over can read and write
total population: 95%
male: 95%
female: 95% (1984 est.) |
| Country
name: |
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form: Anguilla |
| Dependency
status: |
overseas territory of the UK |
| Administrative
divisions: |
none (overseas territory of
the UK) |
| Independence: |
none (overseas territory of
the UK) |
| National
holiday: |
Anguilla Day, 30 May |
| Constitution: |
Anguilla Constitutional Order
1 April 1982; amended 1990 |
| Legal
system: |
based on English common law |
| Suffrage: |
18 years of age; universal |
| Executive
branch: |
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor
Peter JOHNSTON (since NA February 2000)
head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since
3 March 2000)
cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from
among the elected members of the House of Assembly
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor
appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor from
among the members of the House of Assembly |
| Legislative
branch: |
unicameral House of Assembly
(11 seats total, 7 elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members
and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 3 March 2000 (next to be held NA March
2005)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by
party - UF 4, AUM 2, independent 1 |
| Judicial
branch: |
High Court (judge provided by
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court) |
| Political
parties and leaders: |
Anguilla United Movement or
AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The United Front or UF [Osbourne FLEMMING, Victor
BANKS], a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the
Anguilla National Alliance or ANA |
| Political
pressure groups and leaders: |
NA |
| International
organization participation: |
Caricom (associate), CDB,
Interpol (subbureau), OECS (associate), ECLAC (associate) |
| Diplomatic
representation in the US: |
none (overseas territory of
the UK) |
| Diplomatic
representation from the US: |
none (overseas territory of
the UK) |
| Flag
description: |
blue, with the flag of the UK
in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered
in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange
dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with
blue wavy water below |
| Economy
- overview: |
Anguilla has few natural
resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore
banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. The economy,
and especially the tourism sector, suffered a setback in late 1995 due
to the effects of Hurricane Luis in September but recovered in 1996.
Increased activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the growth
of the construction sector, has contributed to economic growth.
Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the
offshore financial sector. A comprehensive package of financial services
legislation was enacted in late 1994. In the medium term, prospects for
the economy will depend on the tourism sector and, therefore, on
continuing income growth in the industrialized nations as well as
favorable weather conditions. |
| GDP: |
purchasing power parity - $96
million (1999 est.) |
| GDP
- real growth rate: |
7% (1999 est.) |
| GDP
- per capita: |
purchasing power parity -
$8,200 (1999 est.) |
| GDP
- composition by sector: |
agriculture: 4%
industry: 18%
services: 78% (1997 est.) |
| Population
below poverty line: |
NA% |
| Household
income or consumption by percentage share: |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Inflation
rate (consumer prices): |
2.5% (1998 est.) |
| Labor
force: |
4,400 (1992) |
| Labor
force - by occupation: |
commerce 36%, services 29%,
construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, manufacturing 3%,
agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4% |
| Unemployment
rate: |
7% (1992 est.) |
| Budget: |
revenues: $20.4
million
expenditures: $23.3 million, including capital expenditures
of $3.8 million (1997 est.) |
| Industries: |
tourism, boat building,
offshore financial services |
| Industrial
production growth rate: |
3.1% (1997 est.) |
| Electricity
- production: |
NA kWh |
| Electricity
- production by source: |
fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA%
nuclear: NA%
other: NA% |
| Electricity
- consumption: |
NA kWh |
| Agriculture
- products: |
small quantities of tobacco,
vegetables; cattle raising |
| Exports: |
$4.5 million (1998) |
| Exports
- commodities: |
lobster, fish, livestock,
salt |
| Imports: |
$57.6 million (1998) |
| Imports
- commodities: |
NA |
| Debt
- external: |
$8.8 million (1998) |
| Economic
aid - recipient: |
$3.5 million (1995) |
| Currency: |
East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Exchange
rates: |
East Caribbean dollars per US
dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) |
| Fiscal
year: |
1 April - 31 March |
| Telephones
- main lines in use: |
5,000 (1997) |
| Telephones
- mobile cellular: |
NA |
| Telephone
system: |
general assessment:
NA
domestic: modern internal telephone system
international: microwave radio relay to island of Saint
Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) |
| Radio
broadcast stations: |
AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 1
(1998) |
| Television
broadcast stations: |
1 (1997) |
| Televisions: |
1,000 (1997) |
| Internet
country code: |
.ai |
| Internet
Service Providers (ISPs): |
16 (2000) |
| Highways: |
total: 279 km
paved: 253 km
unpaved: 26 km (1998 est.) |
| Ports
and harbors: |
Blowing Point, Road Bay |
| Merchant
marine: |
none (2000 est.) |
| Airports
- with paved runways: |
total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports
- with unpaved runways: |
total: 2
under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
| Military
- note: |
defense is the responsibility
of the UK |
| Disputes
- international: |
none |
| Illicit
drugs: |
transshipment point for South
American narcotics destined for the US and Europe |
|
